anatomy of map and its role in practice of power and pursuit of policy

map is the most important tool for cognizance in the field of geography and is the best instrument for presentation of geographic information. the study of ecology in general, which means the study of relationship between man and his environment, is only possible by means of maps. as a tool for ecology and manifestation of human sovereignty over environment, the map has served political power-holders and authorities. therefore, it can play a critical role in pursuit of the policies and exercising the authority. the concept of power is not limited to political power, rather it includes all forms and classes of power in a community. why the authorities use the map as a tool for exercising power and in pursuit of their policies? this paper is designed and conducted to respond to the above question.